General information about ceratocystis platani cerafp. There are several hostspecialized strains, some of which, such as ceratocystis platani that attacks plane trees, are now described as distinct. Pdf kinetics and histopathology of the cacaoceratocystis. Le platane platanus hybrida largement repandu en europe y est fortement sensible. The aim of this study was to examine phylogenetic relationships and host specialization within the latin american clade of ceratocystis fimbriata 18, particularly focusing on isolates from cacao, sweet potato, and sycamore. The fungus attacks and can quickly kill ohia trees metrosideros polymorpha. Ceratocystis cacaofunesta is a serious pathogen of cacao theobroma cacao and related herrania spp. Ceratocystis wilt cw of cacao, caused by ceratocystis cacaofunesta, is a drastic disease that results in plant death. Ceratocystis wilt of cacao caused by ceratocystis cacaofunesta is a dangerous disease and results in the death of the plant. Ceratocystis fimbriata cerafioverview eppo global database.
Genetic variation in populations of the cacao wilt pathogen. Although there are resistant genotypes, the genetic basis of resistance is still poorly understood. It is spread from tree to tree primarily by insects visiting wounds. Ceratocystis uchidae, a new species on araceae in hawaii. Identification of qtls linked to resistance for ceratocystis wilt in cacao.
Help pages, faqs, uniprotkb manual, documents, news archive and biocuration projects. It is a diverse species that attacks a wide variety of annual and perennial plants. The disease in theobroma has been of major importance in costa rica echandi and segall, 1956, trinidad and tobago iton, 1959, ecuador desrosiers, 1957, parts of colombia arbelaez, 1957 and venezuela reyes, 1988, and most recently in bahia, brazil bezerra, 1997. The pathogen is a quarantine organism and has a negative impact on anthropogenic and natural populations of plane trees. A fungal pathogen known as rapid ohia death ceratocystis fimbriata was identified on hawaii island in 2014. Ohia is endemic to hawaii and comprises approximately 80% of hawaiis native forests. The objective of this study was to develop and test a consistent method to assess cacao. Host specialization, intersterility, and taxonomy of. In this paper we studied the resistance level by a stem inoculation experiment of genotypes of eucalyptus gran. Ceratocystis fimbriata infecting eucalyptus grandis in. The cacao pathogen is a member of the latin american clade of the c.
Ceratocystis wilt, caused by ceratocystis fimbriata, is one of the most damaging diseases in eucalyptus plantations worldwide. Mycelial mat on theobroma cacao, ceratocystis fimbriata ceratocystis blight. Assessment of resistance to ceratocystis cacaofunesta in. Ceratocystis wilt of cacaoa disease of increasing importance. Assessment of resistance to ceratocystis cacaofunesta in cacao. The pathogen was recently identified in the major cacaoproducing region of brazilbahia. In this paper, we described the identification of a major qtl. The specific epithet cacaofunesta means cacao killing. Cacao is an important crop, its beans are key raw materials for the chocolate and cosmetic industries. Although isolates differed in colony type, pathogenicity, growth rate, and conidial state, they all showed an absolute requirement for thiamine for perithecial production, and possessed similar opt. Though it can infect through leaves, petioles and young stems, the primary site of infection is a trunk wound.
Genetic variability and host specialization in the latin. Moreau era patogeno a cacao, lo cual no habia sido senalado antes. Specific approval and amendment first approved in 200209. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. This page was last edited on 19 december 2019, at 19. International research on strains and clades of ceratocystis fimbriata has found that the sweet potato strain, around the world, is one of. Ceratocystis cacaofunesta is an ascomycete fungus that causes a wilt disease in cacao trees. Elliott 1923, 1925 transferred ceratocystis fimbriata to ceratostomella. Ceratocystis platani is the causal agent of canker stain of plane trees, a lethal disease able to kill mature trees in one or two successive growing seasons. This fungus was recently identified in the major cacaoproducing regions of brazil, and was observed to be more aggressive than isolates from other geographical locations. We describe the cacao pathogen as a new species, ceratocystis cacaofunesta and we raise. However, other yunnan isolates of ceratocystis pathogenic on pomegranate, taro and loquat have been shown to be lac strains of c. The sexual stage of ceratocystis is a perithecioid ascoma with a long neck and evanescent asci. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the new species is in the asianaustralian clade of the c.
This fungus was recently identified in the major cacao producing regions of brazil, and was observed to be more aggressive than isolates from other geographical locations. Rapid ohia death ceratocystis fimbriata hawaii forest. Rapid detection of ceratocystis platani inoculum by. The aim of this investigation was to survey the dying e. It has led to significant economic losses in latin america. Ceratocystis wilt has been managed through genetic resistance, but the disease is an.
Two closely related sublineages exist within this species, one centered in western ecuador and the other containing isolates from brazil, colombia and costa rica. Ceratocystis fimbriata on colocasia esculenta in brazil pdf file of manuscript. Intersterility, morphology and taxonomy of ceratocystis fimbriata on. Pdf ceratocystis wilt of cacaoa disease of increasing. Contaminated sawdust produced during pruning and sanitation fellings can contribute to disease spread. It was then transferred to ophiostoma by melin and nannfeldt 1934 and to endoconidiophora by davidson 1935. Ceratocystis wilt on eucalyptus, caused by ceratocystis fimbriata, was first recognized in 1997 in the state of bahia, brazil, but is now known in five other states and in four other countries. Ceratocystis uchidae, a new species on araceae in hawaii and. It was elevated to the level of a new species in 2005. New zealand ceratocystis fimbriata strain was not pathogenic on kiwifruit. Mapping of a major qtl for ceratocystis wilt disease in an. Ceratocystis platani cerafpoverview eppo global database. Uruguay has a rapidly growing forestry industry consisting mainly of exotic pinus and eucalyptus spp. Ceratocystis fimbriata a new fungal pathogen of kiwifruit.
Pdf ceratocystis wilt of cacaoa disease of increasing importance. An examination of the isolates of ceratocystis fimbriata from corms of araceae colocasia esculenta, taro, and xanthosoma sagittifolium from hawaii and fiji found that they represent a new species, ceratocystis uchidae. Ceratocystis fimbriata on the araceae pdf file of manuscript. Once considered to be a form of ceratocystis fimbriata, the fungus was. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree. A morphological and biological concept of the species. Specific scope this standard describes a diagnostic protocol for ceratocystis platani.
Therefore, the selection of resistant cacao varieties is one of the viable ways to minimize losses in cacao production. It is possible that an equivalent situation may arise for the forms on other species coffee, rubber, etc. Mapping of a major qtl for ceratocystis wilt disease in an f1. Pdf symptomatology of ceratocystis wilt in eucalyptus. The specific epithet cacaofunesta means cacaokilling. The identification of genetic markers tightlylinked to disease resistance loci are valuable tools for the development of resistant cultivars using markerassisted selection mas. The first symptoms are a circular necrotic area around the wound or branch junction. Resistance to ceratocystis wilt ceratocystis fimbriata. New zealand ceratocystis fimbriata strain was not pathogenic on kiwifruit host specific not a result of geographic isolation international research on strains and clades of ceratocystis fimbriata has found that the sweet potato strain, around the world, is one of the most hostspecific strains conclusions brazil kiwifruit strain. The name ceratocystis was revised by bakshi 1950 and hunt. The fungus was previously considered to be part of the ceratocystis fimbriata species complex as ceratocystis fimbriata f. Recent studies employing phylogenetics, intersterility, and host range separate the cacao pathogen from other strains of the c. Genetic variation in populations of the cacao wilt. Intersterility, morphology and taxonomy of ceratocystis fimbriata on sweet potato, cacao and sycamore article pdf available in mycologia 971.
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